Breast Cancer

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You must score 70% or better to pass this course. Select one answer for each question by clicking the circle at the left of your choice. To change your selection, click a different circle. Do not skip any questions.


Test Question

1. The decline in breast cancer incidence since 1998 has been largely attributed to:

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2. The racial/ethnic group with the highest incidence of breast cancer in the United States is:

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3. The racial/ethnic group with the highest mortality rate from breast cancer is:

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4. Most cases of breast cancer are caused by mutations in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene.

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5. The best-established environmental cause of breast cancer is:

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6. Which of the following factors increase a woman’s exposure to estrogen?

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7. Biomonitoring studies by CDC scientists have shown that Americans of all ages carry a body burden of chemicals used in industry and consumer products.

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8. Scientific evidence shows that more than chemicals and radiation are recognized internationally as contributors to the incidence of breast cancer.

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9. Breast cancer begins in the:

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10. The most common sign of breast cancer is:

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11. Breast self-examination is important because most breast cancer is found by women themselves or by their sexual partner.

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12. Mammography is most effective in detecting breast cancer among:

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13. The international debate over mammography screening concerns:

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14. The principal disadvantages of MRI for widespread screening for breast cancer are:

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15. Ultrasound is most useful in:

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16. The most definitive test in the diagnosis of breast cancer is:

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17. If clear fluid can be aspirated from a palpable breast lump, it is likely to be cancerous.

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18. The technique generally used to biopsy microcalcifications is:

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19. Blood tests to screen for possible metastasis include:

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20. The standard of care in biomarker testing of breast tumors includes the following:

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21. Staging of breast cancer helps determine treatment options and risk of recurrence.

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22. The TNM staging system for breast cancer assesses which of the following:

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23. The major reason for the continuing increase in the incidence of DCIS is:

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24. In a breast tumor described as having a high histologic grade, the cancer cells:

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25. In a breast tumor described as having a high nuclear grade, the cancer cells:

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26. Invasive lobular carcinoma generally presents as:

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27. Triple negative breast cancer is more common among:

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28. The initial treatment for inflammatory breast cancer is:

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29. Women who have breast cancer should delay any pregnancy for two to five years because:

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30. Breast cancer today is considered:

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31. Premenopausal women with breast cancer may improve their survival odds by scheduling their surgery during:

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32. Postmenopausal women with early breast cancer who choose lumpectomy (breast-conserving surgery) are generally recommended to also have:

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33. Removal of the breast and axillary lymph nodes is termed:

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34. Sentinel lymph node biopsy is most appropriate for women:

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35. The highest risk of lymphedema is in overweight women under age 60 who have had:

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36. To reduce the risk of developing lymphedema, women need to learn precautionary measures that include:

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37. Women who elect to have reconstructive surgery after mastectomy should be aware that:

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38. Radiation therapy reduces the risk of local recurrence of breast cancer. It may also:

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39. Patient education can help women avoid the two most common side effects of radiation, which are:

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40. Long-term complications of radiation therapy include:

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41. Tamoxifen should not be taken for longer than five years because it:

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42. Rare but serious side effects of tamoxifen include:

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43. Aromatase inhibitors are appropriate only for premenopausal women.

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44. The nausea and vomiting linked to chemotherapy treatment can be successfully controlled or eliminated by such medications as:

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45. Use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents such as Epogen has declined since the 2007 advisory from FDA warning that these drugs:

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46. Herceptin is given with taxanes such as Taxol or Taxotere rather than with anthracycline drugs such as Adriamycin because:

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47. Complementary therapies differ from alternative therapies in the following way:

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48. Follow-up care for women without symptoms does not need to include blood tests, chemistry panels, tumor markers, and imaging studies other than mammograms.

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49. Cancer that recurs during the first two years following diagnosis tends to be more aggressive than cancer that recurs later.

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50. Which of the following statements about hospice care is true: